B. A. Voronin, d.yu.n., professor Uralskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo Universiteta I. P. Chupina, d.e.n., professor Uralskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo Universiteta YA. V. Voronina, k.e.n., dotsent Uralskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo Universiteta
Employment is the most important characteristic of the economy, the well-being of the people; employment rate is an important macroeconomic indicator. But employment is not only an economic phenomenon, it depends on demographic processes, is part of social policy, i.e. has demographic and social content. As an economic category, employment is a set of relations regarding the participation of the population in labor activity. It expresses the measure of inclusion in work, the degree of satisfaction of social needs for workers and personal needs and interests in paid jobs, in receiving income. From these positions, employment is the most important characteristic of the labor market. Achieving full employment cannot be ensured with the help of a single market mechanism; it is necessary to constantly regulate this process by the state and society. In addition, the concept of "full employment" corresponds to the concept of "natural rate of unemployment". Full employment is also possible with some deviation of existing jobs from the status of economically viable ones. Therefore, the problem of effective employment arises. Effective employment in a socially oriented market economy is understood as the employment of the population, which provides a decent income, health, and the growth of educational and professional level for each member of society based on the growth of social productivity.
References
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